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In women, the main symptom of a lesion is nonspecific (bacterial) vaginitis. Due to the fact that in the vaginal fluids contain little white blood cells, and is dominated by epithelial cells, ie, that little inflammatory reaction, a number of foreign authors use the term “vaginosis” to refer to vaginal lesions caused by G. vaginalis. For cell microscopic picture of vaginal discharge is characterized by abundant flora kokkobatsillyarnoy covering part of the epithelial cells so that they appear to be grainy and the edges of their completely masked mass G. vaginalis. These “core” cells are the mainstay for the microscopic diagnosis gardnerelleza vagina. By the way, along with gardnerellas always detect various types of anaerobic bacteria, primarily bacteroids, which replaces the normal flora laktobatsillyarnuyu. Anaerobes constitute a significant part of the flora in women with vaginosis, whereas healthy percentage of their less than 1% of the total flora of the vagina.

Gardnerellas actively damage the epithelial cells, and their fagnotsitoz polinuklearami is incomplete, which leads to autolyze host cells. The relationship between gardnerellas and anaerobes appears as follows: anaerobic waste products increase pH of vaginal secretions to a level conducive to an abundant breeding Gardnerella vaginalis, which in turn provide the necessary amino acids anaerobes and destroyed epithelial cells. Bacterial vaginitis clinically expressed moderate, less abundant or scarce, sticky secretions homogeneous white or gray, with an unpleasant smell, evenly covering the walls of the vagina. Rarely are frothy discharge. The reaction of acid secretion. When you add in the secret of alkali solution, as a rule, there is the smell of rotten fish – the smell of cadaverine and other amines, which are, apparently, the products of vital activity of anaerobic bacteria. Patients complain of the presence of pain, and occasionally on harassing itching or burning. The most common infection Gardnerella vaginalis is asymptomatic. When vaginitis pathogens are often found not only in the vagina, but also in the urethra and the channel of the cervix, which causes symptoms of sluggish current urethritis and cervicitis. Approximately 1/3-1/2 of cases gardnerelleznoy infection accompanied by other urogenital infections: gonorrhea, chlamydia, ureaplasmosis, trichomoniasis and other treatment recommended metronidazole (Flagyl) into 0,5, 2 times a day for 7 days. Less effective ampicillin and amoxycillin, is less active tetracycline drugs to which many Shammah gardnerellas stable. Can also tinidazole. The men – sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginitis often find gardnerellas. They reveal not only persons with symptoms of urethritis, but also in apparently healthy men.

Clinic gardnerelleznogo urethritis usually occurs malosimptomno and has a tendency to spontaneous clinical recovery. Nevertheless, during these urethritis occasionally there are complications in the form of prostatitis, kuperita, epididymitis. Until a relationship of such complications with the misuse of gardnerelleznoy infection or concomitant infectious agents. Poorly understood role of anaerobic bacteria: in some patients from the urethra isolated bacteroids, peptosstreptokokki, peptokokki and others, but their role in the pathology of urethritis in men is not disclosed.

Pathogenesis of bacterial urethritis needs further study. The mucous membrane of the urethra healthy men resistant to many weak or opportunistic infections, including those to gardnerellas. Occurrence of pathological processes contribute to past experience inflammation of the urethra, upset the normal defense mechanisms of the mucous membranes, prolonged and repeated contact with the source of infection, providing ingress to the mucous membrane of the large number of pathogens.

Diagnostic studies or negative stained preparations scrapings from the mucous membrane of the urethra, which can detect the characteristic “core” cells, such as detected in women with vaginosis, but a much smaller number. Treatment. For treatment of urethritis in men used tetracycline or erythromycin for 0.5 g 4 times a day for 7 days. In the protracted and chronic cases, in addition, carry out non-specific immunotherapy and flushing of the urethra disinfectant solution, and if there are complications – appropriate symptomatic treatment.

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